Plantar fasciitis

 

Plantar fasciitis

Plantar Fasciitis is a common overuse injury. It is typically characterized by acute heel pain first thing in the morning or after rest. However, it can present in other ways as well. The plantar fascia is a thick non-elastic band of fibrous tissue that runs from all five metatarsal heads and attaches onto the calcaneus (heel bone). Its main function is to maintain the medial longitudinal arch of the foot. The problem begins when there is stress applied to the plantar fascia and the fascia pulls away from its weakest insertion, causing microtears. This causes inflammation and thus, pain. A plantar fascial microtear can also occur at mid sole or towards the toes. Since it is difficult to rest the foot, the situation is aggravated with every step taken. The problem progresses rapidly and treatment must start as soon as possible. As the fascia is pulled away from the bone, the body reacts by filling in the space with new bone. This causes the classic "heel spur".

Predisposing factors

  • Flat feet, increase in pronation.

  • High arched feet.

  • Improper footwear.

  • Increasing age.

  • Overuse.

Short-term treatment

  • Heel Pads

  • Taping

  • Medication

  • Laser therapy

  • Rest

Prevention & Treatment

Rest
Rest is the first and most important part of the treatment. Your feet carry your body weight and with every step the injury gets aggravated. Weight bearing activities should temporarily be put on hold. Long walks or runs should be replaced with swimming or cycling.

Shoes
Shoes are an important element to the recovery of foot injuries. Supportive athletic shoes, preferably walking shoes, with extra heel cushioning, rigid heel counters and lace up mechanisms provide the support and balance necessary to assist in healing injured feet.

Orthotics
Orthotics are custom orthopedic devices prescribed by your Chiropodist. The orthotics serve to realign your feet and prevent any abnormal compensations due to biomechanical abnormalities. These abnormalities, if left untreated, cause "flat feet" or "fallen arches" which result in the pulling of the plantar fascia.

Long-term Treatment

If symptoms persist, conjunctive therapy can be introduced:

  • Plantar fasciitis night splints

  • Laser therapy/Ultrasound therapy

  • Manual foot therapy

  • Hot and cold therapy

  • Injections